Today, the anniversary of the birth of Sultan Mahmoud Ghazan, the seventh sultans in Iran, passes between the year 1295 until his death 1304, and he is the son of Argon Khan and his wife, the quarrels of Khatun, who is from a royal strain that ends to Genghis Khan. It is regarded as the most notable and powerful monarchs of the brotherhood’s states.
Ghazan was a Muslim, but he did not stop invading the Levant.
He is one of many Mughal emperors who maintained diplomatic ties with the Europeans and the Crusaders. After the Ghazan army’s victory, his soldiers fled to Muslim nations, which reduced the chaos. This was especially true after he fled to Damascus and made his way to Egypt. Ibn Taymiyyah therefore met with prominent Damascenes, and they agreed to go see the Sultan Gazan and speak with him.
Even though Sultan Mahmoud Ghazan was Muslim, his predecessors adhered to the anti-Mamluks because of his unfriendly relations with the Mamluk state. And he made three campaigns against the Levant, he wanted during the reign of Sultan Al -Nasser Muhammad bin Qalawun, and perhaps this was because of his feeling that the Mamluks were the beginning of the victory of Saif al -Din Qutuz in the battle of Ain Jalut, a reason for their kingdom’s incompleteness in the east.
At “Marj Al-Muruj,” east of Homs, on (27 Rabi’ al-Awwal 699 AH = 22 December 1299 AD), the soldiers of Ghazan met the Nasser Army, which led to a significant victory for Bazan and its men; Due to the superiority of the Mongol army in number and equipment, this victory was arranged for Gazan to Damascus and destroyed its forces that opened it; Running their ancient customs, as if Islam did not refrain from their character and morals.
Regarding the second campaign, it took place in the year (700 AH = 1300 AD), and when the people of the Levant learned of the arrival of the Mongols, their shock and panic caused the residents of Aleppo to flee their city. However, fate intervened to prevent war and the Mongols and Mamluks meeting, so the rains fell heavily and there was a lot of mud, and many of the Mongols perished; Ghazan was forced to return to Iran
As for the third campaign, Ghazan turned to the Levant and captured “Anna,” which is situated on the Euphrates Beach. He was accompanied in this campaign by his historian minister, “Rashid al -Din al -Hamdhani,” but he later returned to his capital, Tabriz, leaving his leader, “Killing Shah,” to complete that mission. On (2 of Ramadan 702 AH = 20 April 130), Killing Shah met the Mamluk forces led
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Why did Mahmoud Ghazan, the Muslim Mongols’ Sultan, despise the Mamluks?
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